FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Graphical Abstracts138140244272ENJournal Article20210604FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Treatment Using a Polysulfone-Nano TiO2 Hybrid Membrane Coupled with an Ozonation Process as a Pre-Treatment1411514328210.22079/jmsr.2020.120097.1332ENIwan RatmanPetro TNC International, Ltd., Equity Tower, 35th Floor Sudirman Central Business District (SCBD) Lot 9. Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 52-53, Jakarta Selatan, 12190, IndonesiaTutuk DjokoKusworoDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Diponegoro, Semarang Indonesia0000-0001-8343-8435Dani PujiUtomoDepartment of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Diponegoro0000-0002-9018-0185Journal Article20200120Fouling has been the main problem that seriously hinders membrane applications for petroleum wastewater treatment. This study aimed to explore advanced membrane process integrated with ozonation as a preliminary treatment. Ozone utilization was set at a constant dose of 3000 mg/h for different ozonation times and temperatures. A longer ozonation time significantly improved the removal of pollutants. Ozonation at 30°C for 120 min removed up to 38.25% total dissolved solids (TDS), 73.33% organic compounds expressed as chemical oxygen demand (COD), 11.6% ammonia, and 62.15% total phenol. Although an increase in the ozonation temperature increased the ammonia removal by up to a remarkable 82%, it did not significantly affect the TDS, COD, and phenol removal efficiencies. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) evaluations of the used membrane revealed that membrane fouling was caused by organic compounds consisting of hydrocarbon oil, benzene, toluene, xylene, phenol, and salt. Ozonation enhanced the permeate flux of the membrane by up to 96% and improved pollutant removal by up to 77%. The ozonation process was also responsible for the reduction of fouling resistance on the membrane surface by up to 21%.FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Adsorption of Cadmium (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions using Poly(Amidoamine)/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Doped Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropene) Composite Membrane1521654334810.22079/jmsr.2020.121858.1351ENTakalani MagadzuCnr R71; University Road
University of Limpopo, N-Block, Office No. 10200000-0002-2103-6876Kgabo MoganediCnr R71; University Road
University of Limpopo0000-0002-4213-6737Lutendo MaceveleChemistry, Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, South Africa0000-0002-3388-1540Journal Article20200301Composite membranes consisting of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) (PVDF-HFP) blended with functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) were prepared using a phase inversion technique for adsorptive elimination of Cd (II) ions from contaminated water samples. Upon the addition of PAMAM-MWCNTs on PVDF-HFP, a stable, microporous structure with enhanced surface area and hydrophilic composite membranes were obtained; as confirmed by Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and contact angle measurements. The pH, adsorption isotherm, thermodynamic parameters and reusability of the composite membranes were investigated in batch experiments. The maximum adsorption capacity of 1 wt.% PAMAM-MWCNTs/PVDF-HFP composite membrane calculated by Langmuir model was 167 mg/g at 25°C and pH 6.5. All composite membranes demonstrated that the Cd(II) ions adsorption conformed to Freundlich model (R2 = 0.999), which suggests that the adsorption process is multilayer. In addition, the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The adsorption capacity of 1 wt.% PAMAM-MWCNTs/PVDF-HFP composite membrane remained above 90% after four reusability cycles, as confirmed by Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis. The 1 wt.% PAMAM-MWCNTs/ PVDF-HFP composite membrane exhibited higher selectivity coefficients towards Cd(II) in Cu(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) binary metal solutions.FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Polyvinylidene Difluoride-co-Polyethylene Glycol Membrane for Biohydrogen Purification from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Fermentation1661724337610.22079/jmsr.2020.120098.1329ENRosiah RohaniUKM, 43600, BangiIzzati Izni YusoffDepartment Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Bangi, Selangor0000-0002-1760-6178Vitiyah ManimaranDepartmen Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Malaysia.Journal Article20200116Palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment through fermentation under controlled conditions generates biogas with an equal volume of biohydrogen (H2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ). The H2 can be utilised for generating renewable energy through a hydrogen fuel cell. However, the existence of CO2 at certain concentration might cause cell poisoning. Therefore, gas upgrading is required. Membrane technology has been identified as one of the best methods for gas upgrading owing to its excellent purification performance. In this study, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane was synthesized at various polymer concentrations of 13-18 wt% through the phase inversion method before being coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). From the results, the surface negativity and contact angle of the synthesised PVDF membranes were increased at higher PVDF concentration, therefore leading to increase in PVDF membrane’s hydrophobicity. As there was an increase in the membrane’s hydrophobicity, the membrane’s selectivity towards H2 increased as well, with the most H2 purity noted at 85%, which was attained by PVDF18 membrane. On adding PEG on the membrane surface, hydrophobicity rose from 81° (pure PVDF) to 100.8° (PVDF-co-PEG10). Moreover, PEG coating on the surface of PVDF membranes has enhanced their selectivity with the highest value of selectivity of up to 3.3. The PVDF-co-PEG10 membrane also has the highest H2 gas purity of up to 96% in comparison to pure PVDF membrane (only 85% H2 purity). This finding proved that PVDF-co-PEG10 membrane possessed a higher preference in the H2 /CO2 separation compared to pure PVDF membrane.FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Fresh and Uncalcined Solution Blow Spinning - Spun PAN and PVDF Nanofiber Membranes for Methylene Blue Dye Removal in Water1731844438110.22079/jmsr.2020.122267.1356ENNoel Peter TanDepartment of Chemical Engineering,
University of San Carlos- Talamban0000-0002-5424-9616Shierlyn PaclijanChemical Engineering Department, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines0000-0002-5250-0571Shenn Mae FrancoChemical Engineering Department, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, Corrales Avenue, Cagayan de Oro City, 9000 PhilippinesRodrigo AbellaChemical Engineering Department, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, Corrales Avenue, Cagayan de Oro City, 9000 PhilippinesJona Crishelle LagueChemical Engineering Department, Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan, Corrales Avenue, Cagayan de Oro City, 9000 PhilippinesJournal Article20200310Freshly produced and uncalcined solution blow spun-poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofiber (NF) membranes were utilized as adsorptive membranes for methylene blue (MB) dye in water under batch adsorption. The effects of various initial dye solution concentrations (3-15 mg/L) and contact time (1-10 minutes) versus its adsorption capabilities of the nanofiber membranes were studied. Furthermore, adsorption isotherm that best fit the experimental data was determined. The equilibrium adsorption capacity, qe , for both nanofiber membranes increased with MB concentration of 3 - 7 mg/L but qe considerably decreased when such MB amounts increased to 15 mg/L. The highest qe obtained was 50.78 and 34.97 mg/g for PAN NF and PVDF NF membranes, respectively. Both NF membranes also showed high MB adsorption with increased contact time until equilibrium was reached. PAN demonstrated better adsorption capacity compared to PVDF at all levels of initial dye concentrations studied. Both nanofiber membranes are proposed to conform to the Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm model. Using this model, the predicted values for the highest adsorption capacity, qmax, of PAN and PVDF NF membranes are 55.91 mg/g and 44.06 mg/g, respectively.FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701An Investigation on Gas Transport Properties of Elvaloy4170/[Emim][Tf2N] Hybrid Membranes for Efficient CO2 /CH4 Separation1851954451710.22079/jmsr.2020.123767.1386ENMahvash GharedaghiTarbiat Modares University, IranMohammad Reza OmidkhahTarbiat Modares University, IranSasan AbdollahiChemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of IranAli GhadimiIran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, IranJournal Article20200517This study investigates the separation performance of a polymer-IL hybrid membrane comprised of Elvaloy4170 and 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Emim][Tf2 N]) ionic liquid. The goal is to incorporate superior features of Elvaloy4170 as a cost-effective commercial polymer with desirable CO2 permeability and mechanical strength, with those of [Emim][Tf2 N] such as high affinity to CO2 molecules for fabricating high performance hybrid membranes. Results revealed that the presence of IL within the polymeric matrix leads to simultaneous enhancement of permeability and selectivity values. This is confirmed by the increase in CO2 permeability from 88 to 141 Barrer accompanied with 2.5 fold increase in CO2 /CH4 ideal selectivity in hybrid membrane containing 40 wt. % IL. Both SEM-EDX analysis and Maxwell predictions confirmed the heterogeneous structure of polymer/IL hybrid membranes with no specific chemical interactions confirmed by FTIR-ATR spectra. The hybrid membranes prepared in this study showed promising separation performance at low temperature levels, e.g. CO2 /CH4 ideal selectivity reached to 24.3 at 15°C. Moreover, separation performance of the hybrid membranes displayed minute variation facing higher pressures of up to 16 bar.FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Mixed Matrix Membranes from Polyvinylchloride and Manganese Organic Complex Compound for Fouling and Viral Resistance1962084499010.22079/jmsr.2020.131222.1403ENHeba AbdallahNational Research Centre, Engineering Research Division, Chemical Engineering department & pilot plant Department, Egypt0000-0003-4766-7374Marwa ShalabyNational Research centre,
Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Engineering Research Division, EgyptLi-Feng Fang2Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ERC of Membrane and Water Treatment (MOC), Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
(MOE), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaBao-Ku Zhu2Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ERC of Membrane and Water Treatment (MOC), Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
(MOE), Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaAhmad ShabanWater pollution Research Department, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, EgyptJournal Article20200719Fouling and virus resistance membranes were prepared by the blending of polyvinylchloride (PVC) with a solution (NS) of manganese acetylacetonate Mn(acac)3 . Mixed matrix membranes PVC/Mn(acac)3 exhibit enhancement in properties and performance compared with the blank membrane. In a comparison among the fabricated mixed matrix membranes, U4 which was prepared from 14 wt% PVC with 1wt% nano-solution of Mn(acac)3 exhibits the highest mechanical properties compared with the blank membrane and other prepared membrane samples of U3 (15% PVC &1%NS), U5 (14% PVC & 0.5% NS), U6 (14% PVC & 0.2% NS), and U7 (14% PVC & 1.2% NS). The addition of Mn(acac)3 nano-solution to polymeric solution improved the hydrophilicity of the membrane samples, where the blank membrane U1 ( 16% PVC) exhibited a contact angle of 127.1°±0.5° compared with 40.1°±0.1° for U7 and 48.5°± 0.1° for U4. Moreover, the membranes' performance was improved, where U1 (blank) provided the permeate flux of 65, 51, 40, and 26 L/m2 .h and U4 provided 90, 86, 76, and 73 L/m2 .h for separation of various concentrations of humic acid 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 1 g/L, respectively. A virus removal test was carried out on real sewage wastewater. U4 provides 100% removal for all virus removal, while U1 provides 100% removal for rotavirus only. The fouling test results indicate that U4 exhibited antifouling properties, where the flux recovery ratio (FRR) was 99.47%. So, the mixed matrix membrane U4 can be considered as a fouling and virus resistance membrane.FIMTEC & MPRLJournal of Membrane Science and Research2476-54067320210701Experimental, Modeling and AspenPlus Simulation of Different Configurations of Membrane Separation Systems for Highly Loaded CO2 Selective Pebax 1657-ZIF-8 Membrane2092234788910.22079/jmsr.2020.136920.1411ENAbolfazl JomekianEsfarayen University of TechnologyReza MosayebiBehbahaniChemical Engineering Department, Petroleum University of Technology, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20200922ZIF-8 powder was synthesized and added with concentrations from 10 to 60 wt.% to the Pebax 1657 matrix modified with Di-butyl-methylimidazolium fluoride (DBMF) ionic liquid. SEM, XRD and 13C-NMR analysis were applied for the characterization of particles and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). The results of 13C-NMR analysis suggested that there are possible new carbon-carbon bonds at particle-polymer interface. The CO2/CH4 mixed gas test results showed that the utilization of high concentrations of ZIF-8 in Pebax 1657 matrix was effective. MMMs containing 60 wt.% and 30 wt.% of ZIF-8 showed the highest (24.4) and lowest (12) CO2/CH4 selectivity among the all synthesized MMM and pure polymeric samples, respectively. The results of the Microsoft Excel/Aspen Plus modeling and simulation showed that the increase in membrane area, number of membrane modules and the pressure difference across membranes led to performance advantages for the single-step with permeate recycling (SiSRP) and double step with retentate recycling (DoSRR) <br />configurations of separation systems. The highest CH4 recovery was observed for the double-step with permeate recycling (DoSPR) configurations when the feed was nearly pure CH4. The temperature rise showed a notable increasing effect on permeates flow rates of both gases leading to the deterioration of the separation effectiveness for all configurations. The analysis of membrane thickness on gas permeation showed that the synthesis of thinner membranes leads to better separation performance utilizing permeant or/and retentate recycle lead to more purified products.