FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Graphical Abstracts
227
229
EN
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_246498.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_246498_d887e76521ba267a0aa77b0dcfaa8fdf.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Oxygenation and Membrane Oxygenators: Emergence, Evolution and Progress in Material Development and Process Enhancement for Biomedical Applications
230
259
EN
Amir Hossein
Mostafavi
Tarbiat Modares University
mo.amirho@yahoo.com
Ajay Kumar
Mishra
0000-0002-3743-8669
Nanotechnology and Water sustainability Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
mishrak@unisa.ac.za
Mathias
Ulbricht
Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
mathias.ulbricht@uni-due.de
Joeri
Denayer
Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
joeri.denayer@vub.be
Seyed Saeid
Hosseini
0000-0002-6219-3771
Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University
saeid.hosseini@modares.ac.ir
10.22079/jmsr.2021.521505.1431
Ever-increasing demands for high performance blood oxygenators have led to continuous advancements in this field. Despite the progresses made since their emergence, there still exist challenges that intimidate the reliability of membrane oxygenators. A promising approach for addressing these challenges and enhancing the overall process performance relates to the selection, development, and modification of materials with desirable characteristics. The main impetus for the present review is to bring forward important and yet less explored subjects by shedding light on the technological, design, and engineering aspects of oxygenators and the oxygenation process. Special attention is paid to membrane oxygenators and their essential characteristics such as gas transport, plasma leakage, and biocompatibility. Also, various practical configurations of membrane oxygenators are illustrated with their merits and limitations. From the materials perspective, a comprehensive range of polymeric materials with track records for applications as membrane oxygenators are surveyed and analyzed considering their physicochemical and biocompatibility properties in order to gain insights into the features of an optimal material. In addition to elaborations on the methods for fabrication of membrane oxygenators, various effective techniques that could be used for altering the microstructure and surface properties of the membranes are presented. Also, an in-depth overview is provided about the transport phenomena in membrane oxygenators aiming to provide a better understanding of the molecular and process aspects of the process. An overview of the state of the art is summarized along with points about the trends of future developments are provided at the end.
Membrane oxygenator,oxygenation process,membrane materials,Gas exchange,Transport phenomena
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_243155.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_243155_a5a2b04be89ccd19c8b9286414805aca.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Ion Exchange Membranes for Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) Applications - Recent Developments
260
267
EN
Mine
Eti
Ege University
eti.mine91@gmail.com
Nur
Hidayati Othman
0000-0002-8396-2947
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
nurhidayati0955@uitm.edu.my
Enver
Güler
0000-0001-9175-0920
ATILIM UNIVERSITY
enver.guler@atilim.edu.tr
Nalan
Kabay
0000-0001-8516-6752
Ege University
nalan.kabay@gmail.com
10.22079/jmsr.2021.534937.1482
The innovative membrane-based technology called reverse electrodialysis (RED) is capable of producing electrical power from the controlled mixing of two aqueous streams of different salinity. There has been tremendous progress so far in the development of RED process in terms of system development, spacer design, membranes properties and operational conditions optimization. Among those, characteristics of the ion exchange membranes are found to be the critical element affecting the performances of RED process. In this respect, a brief overview of the latest developments in ion exchange membranes were presented in this review, focussing on their properties and performances in RED applications. The recent developments of nanocomposite and ion selective membranes, particularly pore filling ion exchange membranes due to their high performances and inexpensive fabrication cost were also summarized. Shortly, fouling problem for the ion exchange membranes employed in the RED system was mentioned.
Ion exchange membrane,blue energy,Reverse electrodialysis,Salinity gradient energy,Renewable Energy
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_246157.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_246157_838e66a20bd4221dd2f08d33df914f90.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Semi-pilot Tests of Ethanol Dehydration using Commercial Ceramic Pervaporation Membranes
268
272
EN
Dimitris
E
Koutsonikolas
Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas
dkoutson@cperi.certh.gr
Sotiris
Kaldis
Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
kaldis@certh.gr
Aggelos
Lappas
Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
angel@crth.gr
10.22079/jmsr.2021.130702.1401
Most research efforts about pervaporation in the literature have focused on membrane synthesis, trying to improve the membrane properties (flux and selectivity). However, industrial applications of the pervaporation technology could become attractive if the current available membranes proved to have sufficient and stable performance in order to be integrated in the toolbox of process engineers, as a complementary separation process. In this study, the ethanol dehydration performance of commercial hybrid silica membranes (HybSi®) was assessed in a semi-pilot pervaporation unit from a process-based perspective. The aim of the study is to reveal the high potential of the process and to create a benchmark for future studies in the field. The experimental results revealed that the proposed pervaporation process can efficiently break the ethanol/water azeotrope, allowing the production of high purity ethanol. The overall assessment of the obtained pilot results showed that the proposed process is quite efficient for attracting the industrial interest.
Hybrid silica membranes,Pervaporation,Ethanol dehydration,HybSi®
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_241870.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_241870_1f97f00163a7322d8c398749490c56a8.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Factors Affecting Hydroxide Ion Concentrations in Bipolar Membranes
273
279
EN
Yingying
Chen
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
yingyingchen@email.arizona.edu
James
C.
Baygents
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
baygents@email.arizona.edu
Don
Gervasio
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
gervasio@email.arizona.edu
James
Farrell
0000-0002-4342-7587
University of Arizona
farrellj@email.arizona.edu
10.22079/jmsr.2021.521613.1433
The useful lifetime of bipolar ion exchange membranes is often limited by nucleophilic attack by hydroxide ions on the ionic groups and polymer backbone in the anion exchange layers (AELs). This is especially problematic in water treatment applications for making acid and base from salt solutions. This research investigated the effect of bulk electrolyte composition, current density, membrane thickness, ion exchange capacity, and bulk solution pH value on hydroxide ion concentrations inside the AELs of a bipolar membrane. Onedimensional Nernst-Plank equations were solved for the species Na+, Cl-, OH- and H+ within 20-100 μm thick anion and cation exchange layers with fixed charged densities ranging from 0.5-2.0 eq/L. In 1 M NaCl solutions at neutral pH values, hydroxide concentrations in the AEL reached as high as 2.2 M at a current density of 100 mA/cm2. In 1 M NaOH solutions, hydroxide ion concentrations reached as high as 3.77 M. Hydroxide concentrations in the AEL were significantly affected by the ratio of Cl- to hydroxide ions in the bulk electrolyte. Where hydroxide concentrations in the bulk electrolyte were an order of magnitude lower than chloride concentrations, membrane hydroxide concentrations were nearly proportional to the current density. Increases in ion exchange capacity and AEL thickness resulted in increased membrane hydroxide ion concentrations. Membrane concentrations of hydroxide ions can be minimized by operation at low current densities, with high background electrolyte concentrations using thin membranes with low ion exchange capacities and producing base concentrations less than 0.1 M.
bipolar membrane electrodialysis,Electrolyte,nucleophilic attack,Nernst-Plank equations
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_241885.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_241885_56fabb94a93e075df2c78153b4d143d6.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Acetaminophen Extraction Study using Vegetable Oil-Based Emulsion Liquid Membrane: The Juxtaposition of Carrier and Internal Phase
282
287
EN
Nur Dina
Zaulkiflee
0000-0002-8642-7587
School of Chemical Engineering,
Universiti Sains Malaysia,
nurdinazaulkiflee@gmail.com
Abdul Latif
Ahmad
0000-0003-1612-3032
universiti sains malaysia
chlatif@usm.my
Murshid
Yaacob
School of Chemical Engineering,
Universiti Sains Malaysia,
murshidyaacob@gmail.com
10.22079/jmsr.2021.120282.1338
Extraction of Acetaminophen (ACTP) using vegetable oil-based emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was investigated. ELM consists of membrane and internal phases that form the primary water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion by using an ultrasonic probe while the external phase consists of an ACTP aqueous solution. In promoting a greener development, vegetable oil was incorporated in the formulation of ELM, replacing the hazardous conventional petroleum derivatives diluent. The potential of vegetable oil-based solvent was confirmed via a compatibility study with the carrier and surfactant whereby sunflower oil showed an auspicious potential to be employed as a diluent in ELM formulation. The effect of emulsion formulation parameters of the vegetable oil-based ELM was investigated to obtain its best formulation, by taking into consideration the ACTP extraction efficiency. The extraction study carried out using Trioctylamine (TOA) and Aliquat 336 as carrier and ammonia & sodium chloride (NaCl) as internals phase were compared. The parameters involved are emulsification time, extraction time, and the stirring speed was investigated. These works demonstrated that the ELM system was competent to successfully expel 97.73% of ACTP from aqueous solutions under optimum conditions.
Emulsion liquid membrane,Vegetable oil,Internal Phase,Acetaminophen
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_242123.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_242123_dfa1d2c4492e3860194972f52cdd916e.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
The Effect of Temperature and Transmembrane Pressure on the Camel Milk Ultrafiltration Performance: An Optimization Study
288
294
EN
Morteza
Kashaninejad
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), POBox: 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran
mortazakashaninejad@gmail.com
S. M. A.
Razavi
0000-0003-2450-6623
Division of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Iran
s.razavi@um.ac.ir
Mehdi
Varidi
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, POBox: 91775-1163, Mashhad, Iran
m.varidi@um.ac.ir
10.22079/jmsr.2021.521519.1432
In this study, the effects of transmembrane pressure (TMP, 80-160 kPa) and temperature (T, 20-40 oC) were investigated on the ultrafiltration (UF) performance of camel milk, including pseudo-steady state permeate flux (JPSS), intrinsic membrane resistance (Rm), reversible fouling resistance (Rrf), irreversible fouling resistance (Rif), solutes rejection (protein (RP), lactose (RL), ash (RA) and total solids (RTS)) and minerals rejection (aluminum (RAl), iron (RFe), zinc (RZn), manganese (RMn), calcium (RCa), phosphorus (RPh), sodium (RNa), magnesium (RMg), and potassium (RK)). According to the obtained results, increasing TMP led to a significant increase in JPSS, Rrf, and RA while increasing T caused a significant increase in JPSS, Rrf, RL, RA, and the rejection of all minerals. Although the total fouling resistance (Rf) increased by increasing TMP and T, the share of Rrf was higher in high TMP and T compared to Rif. The results also showed that none of the linear, quadratic, and interaction effects of TMP and T on the Rm, RTS, and RP of the samples were significant. In general, camel milk solute rejections, i.e., RTS, RP, RL, RA, RAl, RFe, RZn, RMn, RCa, RPh, RNa, RMg, and RK were, on average, 51.03, 97.51, 4.73, 34.07, 99.05, 95.70, 90.64, 99.99, 46.09, 32.74, 20.44, 19.44, and 7.78%, respectively. Finally, the optimum UF performance conditions in this research with the lowest Rrf, Rif, RL, and RA while the highest JPSS and RP were 135 kPa TMP and 35 ºC T.
Dairy industry,flux,Fouling,Modelling,Rejection,Central composite design
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_243230.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_243230_312c20011a83fe4249179b0a671775d7.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Morphology and Topography Studies of Composite Membranes Developed from Chitosan/Phthaloyl Chitosan Consisting Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Montmorillonite as Filler
295
304
EN
Arif
Priyangga
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Analytical Data, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
arifpriyangga97@gmail.com
Zuhriah
Mumtazah
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Analytical Data, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
zuhriah4@gmail.com
Hazlina
Junoh
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Univerisiti Teknologi Malaysia
hazlina.junoh@gmail.com
Juhana
Jaafar
0000-0002-7245-8155
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
juhana@petroleum.utm.my
Lukman
Atmaja
0000-0001-8384-9322
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Analytic Data, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
lukman_at@chem.its.ac.id
10.22079/jmsr.2020.123415.1357
This work discusses the synthesis and characterizations of the newly developed composite membranes based on chitosan/phthaloyl chitosan (Cs/PhCs) as a matrix with various compositions of multi-walled carbon nanotube/montmorillonite (MWCNT/MMT) filler. The Cs/PhCs/MWCNT/MMT composite membranes are synthesized via the solvent evaporation method and were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and DMFC single cell test. The FTIR characterization result showed that all membranes have origin peaks at 3433, 2943, and 1525 cm-1 contributed to vibrations of O-H, C-H, and N-H group, respectively. Meanwhile, the composite membranes with 7.5 and 8 wt.% filler have characteristic peaks of vibration Si-O-Si, Si-OH, and Si-O at 1209, 886, and 591 cm-1 respectively. Cross-sectional micrographs of SEM and AFM revealed that the composite membrane with 7.5 wt.% filler had moderate surface roughness than the other as-fabricated membranes. As a result, this nanocomposite membrane can be an alternative polyelectrolyte membrane for DMFC applications. The resulting Cs/PhCs/MWCNT/MMT-1 composite membrane has the selectivity up to 5.13×105 S.s.cm-3 with the DMFC performance at 23.60 mW cm-2.
Chitosan,Carbon Nanotube,Morphology,Topography,Direct methanol fuel cell
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_46729.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_46729_839dc4fe1704c0093d7ce8d68cf874c4.pdf
FIMTEC & MPRL
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
2476-5406
7
4
2021
10
01
Corrigendum: Separation Performance of Improved PERVAPTM Membrane and Its Dependence on Operating Conditions
305
305
EN
Wilfredo
Yave
DeltaMem AG
wilfredo.yave@deltamem.ch
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_246722.html
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_246722_7c45f9608c3464cf69516236bfc91aa5.pdf