ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Table of Contents
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35758_10e8b7274f250ce3436925937f547183.pdf
2019-07-01
194
196
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Structure Formation in Anode and Its Effect on the Performance of Micro-Tubular SOFC: A Brief Review
Anode-supported micro-tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) offers many advantages over the electrolyte and cathode-supported confgurations in terms of simplicity, reliability, and efciency. In such design, the anode substrates should possess a highly porous structure, provide active sites reaction as well as serving good mechanical strength. This structure is desired to provide enough fuel, which in turn increases the reaction rate and reduces the concentration polarisation. Hence, pore formation in anode become a key parameter in producing high performance micro-tubular SOFC. This review is mainly focusing on the fabrication of anode substrate for micro-tubular SOFC, the types of pores in anode structure and its effect to the cell performance.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_32020_2d860f4577c06a2c6e198eb08f932fd0.pdf
2019-07-01
197
204
10.22079/jmsr.2018.83592.1187
MT-SOFC
sponge-like
finger-like
Microstructure
extrusion
Siti
Jamil
sitimunira.j@gmail.com
1
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM JB, Johor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Siti
Ahmad
halimah.gesset@gmail.com
2
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM JB, Johor, Malaysia.
AUTHOR
Mazlinda
Ab Rahman
mazlindaabrahman@gmail.com
3
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan
Othman
hafiz@petroleum.utm.my
4
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 UTM Johor Bahru,
MALAYSIA.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mukhlis
A Rahman
mukhlis@petroleum.utm.my
5
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
AUTHOR
Juhana
Jaafar
juhana@petroleum.utm.my
6
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
AUTHOR
A.F.
Ismail
afauzi@utm.my
7
Advanced Membrane Technology Center (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) Based Anion Exchange Membrane for Solid Alkaline Fuel Cell: A Review
Solid alkaline fuel cell is employed by polymer anion exchange membrane (AEM) that is permeable to hydroxide ion. A number of polymers have been proposed for AEM which include polysulfone (PSF), poly (phenylene oxide) (PPO), and poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK). The purpose of this paper was to conduct a critical review on the development of PEEK polymer as AEM, particularly in terms of the fabrication methods, cationic functionalized group reagent, and the effect of fller addition on membrane properties. PEEK is a thermoplastics polymer that possesses superior mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability. The basic development of PEEK-based AEM involves the process of attaching the cationic functionalized group, namely quaternary ammonium (QA), quaternary phosphonium (QP), and imidazolium (Im) groups onto the PEEK backbone. Up to the recent time, the chloromethylation-functionalization and acid-base blending methods are among the commonly used fabrication methods in developing PEEK-based AEM. The increase in the degree of functionalization (DF) caused the basic PEEK-AEM, namely QA-PEEK, QP-PEEK, and Im-PEEK to exhibit high hydroxide conductivity apart from the degradation in alkaline stability, mechanical property, and dimensional stability. The modifcation of the membranes performed through the addition of fller or ionic-crosslink between acid and base may improve the anion conduction pathway, alkaline stability, mechanical property and water retention property of the membrane due to the increase of the DF.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_31938_39368d7ea40a13c08d2281c0fed83a9d.pdf
2019-07-01
205
215
10.22079/jmsr.2018.86969.1194
Anion exchange membrane
Poly ether ether ketone
Solid alkaline fuel cell
Quaternization
Imidazolation
Syarifah Noor Syakiylla
Sayed Daud
sya.syakiylla@gmail.com
1
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Juhana
Jaafar
juhana@petroleum.utm.my
2
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Muhammad Noorul Anam
Mohd Norrdin
anam@petroleum.utm.my
3
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Rubita
Sudirman
rubita@fke.utm.my
4
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Separation Performance of Improved PERVAPTM Membrane and Its Dependence on Operating Conditions
By using binary ethanol/water mixtures, the separation performance of two improved commercial pervaporation embranes (PERVAPTM) are presented. Separation performance data are analyzed and compared as a function of operating conditions. The effect of initial feed concentration on the separation performance and the effect of feed concentration on apparent activation energy are presented. For membranes that swell, we show that permeance values and selectivity are also dependent on operating conditions. In addition, the results show the importance of initial feed concentration in pervaporation tests. Arbitrary initial feed concentrations lead to different separation performance. Nevertheless, this membrane feature can be used for tuning the final separation performance.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_32108_0652986052ca40c538c2f277e6b7dd0f.pdf
2019-07-01
216
221
10.22079/jmsr.2018.88186.1198
Pervaporation
Performance data
PERVAP membrane
Wilfredo
Yave
wilfredo.yave@deltamem.ch
1
DeltaMem AG, 4132-Muttenz, Switzerland
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Polysulfone Ultrafiltration Membranes Modified with Carbon-Coated Alumina Supported NiTiO2 Nanoparticles for Water Treatment: Synthesis, Characterization and Application
This paper reports on the synthesis and characterisation of polysulfone (PSf) ultrafltration (UF) membranes modifed with carbon coated alumina Ni-doped titanium dioxide (CCA/Ni-TiO2) nanoparticles. The syntheses of the membranes was carried out using the phase inversion process. The permeate flux of the membrane modifed with 0.25% CCA/Ni-TiO2 nanoparticles (213.5±6.40 L.m-2.h-1) was found to be higher than that of the unmodifed membrane (130.95±4.50 L.m-2.h-1) at 13.8 bar. The membrane modifed with 0.50% CCA/NiTiO2 nanoparticles had the lowest permeate flux at 105.18±4.52 L.m-2.h-1. The improved water permeability was brought about by the hydrophilicity resulting from introduction of the hydroxyl groups of the nanoparticles. At 13.8 bar, the NaCl salt rejection properties of the mixed matrix membranes were relatively higher (31.38±1.23%) for the 0.25% PSf/CCA/Ni-TiO2 membranes compared to that of the unmodifed PSf membrane (12.76±1.10%). Similar observations were made for the Cr3+ heavy metal rejection, which ranged between 56.27±2.54% and 60.48±2.52% for the modifed membranes. These results have demonstrated the role the electrostatic effects of the nanoparticles play in the rejection mechanism of the modifed membranes when compared to the unmodifed membranes. Unmodifed membranes were found to reject 28.32±1.65% of Cr3+ heavy metals at the same pressure. Over a period of 180 minutes, the membranes were found to be more photocatalytically active towards bromophenol blue, and a maximum photodegradation efciency of 81% was achieved compared to only 50.5% for methyl orange. The photo-degradation process for both dyes followed a pseudo-frst-order reaction rate.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_31190_6f522f823f0d030717686703f200d21c.pdf
2019-07-01
222
232
10.22079/jmsr.2018.80046.1173
Carbon coated alumina
TiO2 nanophotocatalyst
Mixed Matrix Membrane
Polysulfone
Bhekani
Mbuli
bhekanimbuli@yahoo.com
1
Department of Applied Chemistry, DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre Water Research Node,
AUTHOR
Mphilisi
Mahlambi
mmahlambi@yahoo.com
2
Department of Applied Chemistry
AUTHOR
Catherine
Ngila
jcngila@uj.ac.za
3
Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
AUTHOR
Richard
Moutloali
rmoutloali@uj.ac.za
4
Department of Applied Chemistry, DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Center Water Research Node, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Separation of Carboxylic Acids from Aqueous Solutions using Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors
Separation of formic, acetic, and propionic acids from the aqueous stream using membrane solvent extraction has been studied using three different membrane contactors made of polysulfone (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) using two different solvents; including ethyl acetate (EA) and diisopropyl ether (DIPE). The efciency of the membrane and extractants were obtained by partitioning coefcient comparison. The overall mass transfer coefcient was determined by resistance in series model. The results indicated signifcant difference amongst the performance of the membranes for the same system, even though one usually would expect the membrane only to play a role in facilitating high interfacial mass transfer contact area. The observable results of high distribution coefcient were obtained for the propionic acid with the PVDF membrane and EA as an extractant, on the other hand, the formic acid with PVDF and EA as extractants obtained a better mass transfer coefcient of 9×10-6 m/s.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_32242_9fe68ae1d54bdf032e78163d506c8f4e.pdf
2019-07-01
233
239
10.22079/jmsr.2018.88804.1199
Carboxylic acids
PVDF
PES
PS membrane
Partition coefcient
Sofiya
Karunanithi
sofiya.k@ktr.srmuniv.ac.in
1
faculty
LEAD_AUTHOR
Poonguzhali
e
poonguzhali.e@ktr.srmuniv.ac.in
2
Chemical engg dept, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
AUTHOR
Ashish
Kapoor
ashishkapoor.o@ktr.srmuniv.ac.in
3
Faculty
AUTHOR
Philip
Delfino
philipdelfino55@gmail.com
4
SRM IST, KAttankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
AUTHOR
Prabhakar
S
sivaprabha50@gmail.com
5
SRM IST, Kattakulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Membrane Sealing in Pressure-Driven Test Cells on Their Performance
This communication demonstrates the relevance of membrane sealing in a test cell to its performance. Membranes need to be sealed, and therefore a more or less signifcant (depending on the test cell design) peripheral part of the membrane is supported directly by the cell body (instead of a permeate spacer). Although it may seem that there should be no fltration through the membrane when it is supported by an impermeable surface, this communication demonstrates that this is not generally true due to fltration along the membrane porous support. To confrm this, experiments were performed with a cross-flow test cell (GE SEPA™ CF II), blocking the membrane hydraulically from beneath in order to simulate the effect of having the membrane supported by an impermeable surface. The results show that the trans-membrane volume flux obtained in all cases is only slightly affected by the membrane blocking. In view of this, in the cell design, care should be taken to reduce such peripheral parts of the membrane to a minimum because it may be technically very difcult to have there the same conditions of concentration polarization as over the membrane part supported by the permeate spacer.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_32918_aad464ffa7a982fb63fcc2b5986b16f4.pdf
2019-07-01
240
243
10.22079/jmsr.2018.90181.1204
concentration polarization
cell design
mass-transfer
sealing
pressure-driven
Marc
Fernández de Labastida
marc.fdez.labastida@upc.edu
1
Department of Chemical Engineering and Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia – BarcelonaTech, C/ Eduard Maristany 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), 08930, Barcelona, Spain
LEAD_AUTHOR
Andriy
Yaroshchuk
andriy.yaroshchuk@upc.edu
2
Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia – BarcelonaTech, av. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain and ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigation of the Performance of an Optimized Tree-Type Cylindrical-Shaped Nanoporous Filtering Membrane for Varying Operational Parameter Values
The performance of an optimized tree-type cylindrical-shaped nanoporous fltering membrane proposed in the former study is analytically investigated for varying operational parameter values. Across the membrane thickness, this membrane has two-leveled tree-structured pores including one trunk pore and the multiple branch pores. The physical properties of the surfaces of all the pores are identical. The branch pore is for fltration, while the radius of the trunk pore is optimized for achieving the lowest flow resistance of the membrane. The calculation results show that in a liquid-particle separation, the influence of the number N of the branch pores in each pore tree on the lowest flow resistance of the membrane in the optimum condition strongly depends on the radius Rb,1 of the branch pore; When Rb,1 is over 10 nm, this influence is normally very signifcant; In a liquid-liquid separation, the performance of the membrane mainly depends on the radius Rb,1, which should normally be no more than 3 nm or even more less depending on the liquid-pore wall interaction, although both a smaller N value and a greater value of the ratio of the depth of the branch pore to the membrane thickness helps to improve the separation.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_32877_ec04c5f8b7c3d46c959be3dfbcdc7738.pdf
2019-07-01
244
249
10.22079/jmsr.2018.93118.1210
Membrane
Nanopore
Filtration
Separation
Optimization
Yongbin
Zhang
engmech1@sina.com
1
College Mech Eng, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Demineralization of Cheese Whey by Sequential Nanofltration (NF) and Electrodialysis (ED) Processes
In this study, demineralization of cheese whey by sequential nanofltration (NF) and electrodialysis (ED) methods was investigated. For the NF step, two NF membranes labeled as NF-270 and NF-90 were tested. Approximately 90% of protein and lactose rejections were obtained with partial demineralization during NF step. For full demineralization of the NF permeate, NF followed by ED process. Two different ED systems (Tokuyama TS-1-10 with Neosepta membranes and Mega EDZ-10x4-0.8 with Ralex membranes) were used. The rejections of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions from the NF permeate with Ralex membranes were calculated as 82.5%, 99.3%, 87.9%, and 92.9%, while the corresponding values were 80.2%, 99.0%, 95.6%, and 100% by Neosepta membranes, respectively.
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_33962_b318c487ef53c2c6dec904cc18cb0f91.pdf
2019-07-01
250
255
10.22079/jmsr.2019.98013.1230
Cheese whey
demineralization
electrodialysis (ED)
Lactose
Nanofltration (NF)
Protein
Neslihan
Kaya
neslihankaya93@gmail.com
1
Food Eng Dept, Eng Fac. Ege Univ.
AUTHOR
Esra
Altıok
altiokesra@gmail.com
2
Ege University Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Bornova
AUTHOR
Dilek
Selvi Gökkaya
dilek.selvi@ege.edu.tr
3
Ege University Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering Bornova
AUTHOR
Nalan
Kabay
nalan.kabay@gmail.com
4
Ege University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Semih
OTLEŞ
semih.otles@gmail.com
5
Ege University Food Eng Department, Faculty of Engineering Bornova
AUTHOR