@article { author = {}, title = {Table of Contents}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {256-258}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_36409.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_36409_2789f5e668772d4b42a2c67d296a2a48.pdf} } @article { author = {Gallucci, Fausto}, title = {Membrane reactors: A way to increase efficiency}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {259-260}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.113323.1285}, abstract = {}, keywords = {Process intensification,membrane reactor,Value-added,Chemicals,Efficiency}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_36285.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_36285_21c513c4ae02d19568f6aa09043a9950.pdf} } @article { author = {Azami, Shabnam and Amirinejad, Mehdi}, title = {Effect of Ultrasonication on Membrane Structure and Flux Recovery for Whey Ultrafiltration}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {261-267}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.96835.1225}, abstract = {In this study, the effect of ultrasound irradiation on the flux recovery and fouling mitigation for the membranes made of the polysulfone by the phase inversion method were investigated. Two ultrasound irradiation regimes, including inside and outside the module, were chosen for this study. The experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of ultrasound irradiation on the membrane structure and cleaning. The ultrasound was irradiated in the frequency of 20 kHz and at the intensity of 25.5-127.4 W/cm2. When the membranes were irradiated directly out of the module, they may be damaged and the large holes were formed due to remaining in direct acoustic cavitation area. The flux recovery for the whey ultrafiltration process was increased with the increase of the irradiation time and the ultrasound intensity. The released energy which is the result of the cavitation threshold of bubbles indirectly may clean the foulant. During 60 min ultrasound irradiation, the flux recoveries were between 83-91% for membranes. At the probe distance of 1 cm from the module and after 20 min, the destruction or cracks in the membrane may be happened. The FE-SEM showed that the adjacent holes were connected and the crack was formed. The results for using the ultrasound for cleaning the fouled membranes showed that in the long distances, a large number of cavitation bubbles collapses before they reach to the membrane and in short distance, due to higher energy density, the produced acoustic and turbulence stream are increased and the membrane may be damaged.}, keywords = {Ultrafiltration,Membrane,Ultrasound,Fouling,Whey}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_34060.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_34060_684b0434db119a1cb64ea1b8b8359bdb.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmad, Siti and Jamil, Siti and Othman, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan and A Rahman, Mukhlis and Jaafar, Juhana and Ismail, A.F.}, title = {Pore Former Addition in the Preparation of Highly Porous Anode Using Phase-inversion Technique for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {268-273}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2018.74729.1162}, abstract = {A detailed study on the anode structure of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is very crucial in developing high performance power generating devices, given how porous electrodes are known to provide a number of active sites for reaction, consequently accelerate fuel conversion. This present study investigates the feasibility of pore former addition to nickel oxideyttria stabilized zirconia (NiO-YSZ) anode, fabricated via phase inversion-based casting and sintering technique. The loading of two types of pore former (i.e. polyetheretherketone [PEEK] and corn starch) was varied from 0 to 10 wt% of total suspension. The effects of pore former loading and its types were examined based on anode morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), crystal phase by X-ray diffraction (XRD), apparent porosity based on standard ASTM C373-88, and bending strength using three-point bending test. Results had shown that higher loading of pore former increased the porosity, yet significantly reduced the bending strength. SEM images of anode displayed that by generating more connected open pores through the addition of 2 wt.% PEEK, it produced an effective porous structure. In fact, the sample recorded to be 67 % mechanically stronger compared to the best loading which is corn starch (4 wt.%). Based on these findings, PEEK can be used as pore former in anode fabrication that creates appropriate porosity, which benefits gas diffusion and also provides good mechanical strength as an anode support. }, keywords = {Anode,Microstructure,Pore former,Planar SOFC,Phase-inversion}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_30936.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_30936_b62c6017d67a0d3180c089fdb6efd2d5.pdf} } @article { author = {Koonani, Hamed and Amirinejad, Mehdi}, title = {Combined Three Mechanisms Models for Membrane Fouling during Microfiltration}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {274-282}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.95781.1224}, abstract = {Five new mathematical triple fouling models were developed to explore the flux decline behavior during the microfiltration. The first model was developed by the assumption of the successive effects of standard mechanism, intermediate pore blockage and cake formation by using the standard blocking flux expression in the model calculations. The second and third models also obtained by the successive effects of pore constriction, pore blockage and cake formation mechanisms but in the calculation of these models, the Hagen-Poisseuille law for the filtrate flux has been used. For the fourth and fifth models, the classical standard mechanism has been modified by the assumption of zero order time dependent equation for the particle deposition inside the pores. In these models, the zero-order standard mechanism has been used instead of the classical standard mechanism to combine with the pore blockage and then the cake formation mechanism and the Hagen-Poisseuille law. The ability of developed models for the prediction of experimental data for the bovine serum albumin (BSA) filtration was examined. The zero-order standard complete pore blockage-cake formation and the zero-order standard intermediate pore blockage-cake formation models provide fit experimental data, and predict well. }, keywords = {Microfiltration,Fouling,BSA,Modeling,Blocking}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_34772.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_34772_999d5613f79d178d3d47f2854ca774e8.pdf} } @article { author = {Gogar, Ravikumar and Vaseghi, Ghazaleh and Lipscomb, Glenn}, title = {Comparisons of Experimental and Simulated Velocity Fields in Membrane Module Spacers}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {283-294}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.101683.1242}, abstract = {Spacers are used in spiral wound and plate and frame membrane modules to create flow channels between adjacent membrane layers and mix fluid within the flow channel. Flow through the spacer has a significant beneficial impact on mixing and resulting mass transfer rates but is accompanied by an undesirable increase in pressure drop. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a common tool used to evaluate the effect of spacer design on fluid flow. While numerous theoretical studies are reported in the literature, confirmation of simulation results through experimental velocity field measurements is limited. Comparisons of CFD simulations with experimental velocity measurements using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for traditional symmetric diamond and asymmetric spacer designs and a novel static mixing spacer design are presented. The results include comparisons of the two velocity components in planes parallel to the flow channel walls for the diamond and asymmetric spacer as well as the first reported comparisons of all three velocity components for the static mixing spacer. The results indicate good agreement between theory and experiment and help validate the use of CFD for spacer design. }, keywords = {spiral wound module,spacer,Computational fluid dynamics,particle image velocimetry}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_34809.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_34809_d67bf9e8982c416e2766ffacc77e0ad5.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghasem, Nayef}, title = {Modeling and Simulation of CO2 Absorption Enhancement in Hollow-Fiber Membrane Contactors using CNT–Water-Based Nanofluids}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {295-302}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.100177.1239}, abstract = {Absorption of CO2 from a gas mixture containing CO2 and nitrogen by water-based CNT nanofluids in gas–liquid hollow fiber membrane contactor was modeled and solved using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4. The model assumed partial wetting of the membrane, along with diffusion in the axial and radial directions. In addition, Brownian motion and grazing effects were both considered in the model. The main contribution to the mass transfer resistance for the case of external diffusion-controlled adsorption is the stagnant liquid layer around the particles, despite the layer being very thin. Accordingly, the nanofluid flows in the lumen tube side of the hollow fiber membrane was modeled as a solid-free zone and dense solid phase. The simulations were performed using 7% wetting of the membrane thickness. The results showed a significant increase in CO2 absorption with increasing concentration of carbon nanotubes (CNT). At a fixed inlet gas flow rate (20 L/h), increasing the CNT concentration from 0.1 wt.% to 0.25 wt.% increased the CO2 removal from around 20% to 45%. Comparison of the model predictions with experimental data available in the literature confirmed the validity of the developed model. }, keywords = {Membrane contactor,Hollow Fiber,nanofluid,CO2 absorption,modeling and simulation,CFD}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35277.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35277_8e13f672e4f03a38c93589ef34bad8cd.pdf} } @article { author = {YOUSSEF, CHAOUQI and RACHID, OUCHN and ELJADDI, TARIK and JADA, AMANE and MEHDI, ELBOUCHTI and OMAR, CHERKAOUI and MILOUDI, HLAIBI}, title = {Oriented Processes for Extraction and Recovery of Blue P3R Dye across Hybrid Polymer Membranes: Parameters and Mechanism}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {303-309}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.97857.1229}, abstract = {In the present work, two asymmetric polymer membranes based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with chitin and chitosan (as extractive agents) were synthesized through the phase inversion technique. The mechanisms of oriented process for the facilitated extraction of blue P3R dye across the as-prepared membranes were elucidated through different experiments. Further, kinetic and thermodynamic models based on Fick's first law were used to determine the macroscopic (permeability (P) and initial flux (J0)) and the microscopic (association constant (Kass) and apparent diffusion coefficient (D*)) parameters of the membranes. Finally, the values of different activation parameters (energy (Ea), enthalpy (ΔH≠), and entropy (ΔS≠)) were determined using theoretical models, and the analytical results revealed a kinetic control through the PVDF/PVP-chitin membrane and an energetic control through its PVDF/PVP-chitosan counterpart.}, keywords = {Textile industry,Polymer membrane,Blue P3R dye,facilitated extraction,oriented processes}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35514.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35514_d501aaacedad3de7b27132e5f1c50396.pdf} } @article { author = {Daramola, Michael and Sadare, Olawumi and Oluwasina, Olugbenga and Iyuke, Sunny}, title = {Synthesis and Application of Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Infused Polymer Membrane (fCNT/PSF/PVA) for Treatment of Phenol-Containing Wastewater}, journal = {Journal of Membrane Science and Research}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {310-316}, year = {2019}, publisher = {FIMTEC & MPRL}, issn = {2476-5406}, eissn = {2476-5406}, doi = {10.22079/jmsr.2019.98343.1235}, abstract = {In this study, polymer composite membranes comprising carbon nanotube (CNT), polysulfone (PSF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were synthesized via the phase inversion method and used to remove phenol from the phenol-containing wastewater. The fabricated membranes were reinforced with the functionalized carbon nanotubes (fCNTs) and coated with PVA to enhance their mechanical strength and anti-fouling property, respectively. Performance of the membranes was evaluated for the treatment of the synthetic phenol-containing wastewater using a dead-end filtration cell operated at different feed pressures in the range of 1-8 bar. The non-coated membrane with 5% fCNTs displayed the highest flux of 70.21 L.m2.h-1, followed by the PVA coated membrane loaded with 5% fCNTs displaying flux of 59.63 L.m2.h-1. The results showed that the non-coated PSF membrane loaded with 5% CNTs displayed the highest permeability of 28.24 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1 at transmembrane pressure (TMP) of 1 bar. Pure PSF with 0% loaded fCNTs showed the lowest permeability of 0.68 L.m-2.h-1.bar-1 at TMP of 1 bar. Analysis of the constituents of the wastewater using a pre-calibrated Gas chromatography-Mass chromatography (GC-MS) reveal that the membrane reinforced with fCNTs (1% CNT loading) and coated with PVA displayed the highest phenol rejection of 65%. It is noteworthy to mention that all the membranes showed 100% selectivity to the hydrocarbons (petrol and kerosene) contained in the wastewater. The results of this study could be a platform to develop cost-effective membrane materials for treatment of the refinery wastewater at low pressure for low energy consumption. }, keywords = {Carbon nanotubes,refinery wastewater,Phenol,Membrane,Polymer}, url = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35541.html}, eprint = {https://www.msrjournal.com/article_35541_e65b9994f810d334de580d5a87e1dcc2.pdf} }